能力建設(shè)｜深度走訪海外倉(cāng)之吉布提自貿(mào)區(qū)

發(fā)布時(shí)間：25-05-30　　來(lái)源：中國(guó)倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)與配送協(xié)會(huì)

2025年1月1日，國(guó)際倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)與物流聯(lián)盟項(xiàng)目總監(jiān)劉建萍前往招商局吉布提國(guó)際自貿(mào)區(qū)（以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)為“DIFTZ”）進(jìn)行為期十天的海外倉(cāng)調(diào)研，受到了吉布提國(guó)際自貿(mào)區(qū)運(yùn)營(yíng)公司CEO袁俊華（圖1）、招商局控股（吉布提）有限公司執(zhí)行總經(jīng)理黎友明（圖2）的熱情接待。調(diào)研重點(diǎn)圍繞園區(qū)的運(yùn)營(yíng)管理、倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)物流服務(wù)體系及供應(yīng)鏈配套能力展開(kāi)。

On January 1, 2025, Alina Liu, Project Director of the International Federation of Warehousing and Logistics (IFWL), conducted a 10-day field study at the China Merchants Djibouti International Free Trade Zone (DIFTZ). She was warmly received by Mr. Billy Yuan, CEO of International Djibouti Industrial Parks Operation FZCO (Figure 1), and Mr. James Li, Executive General Manager of China Merchants Holdings (Djibouti) FZE (Figure 2). The visit aimed to gain in-depth insights into park operations, warehousing logistics, and supply chain services.

圖1袁俊華        

 Figure 1 Billy YUAN  

圖2 黎友明
 Figure 2 James LI

吉布提地處非洲東北部，是連接非洲、亞洲、中東和歐洲的重要樞。超過(guò)80%的埃塞俄比亞進(jìn)出口貨物經(jīng)由此地。

Located in the Horn of Africa, Djibouti serves as a vital logistics hub connecting Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. More than 80% of Ethiopia’s import and export cargo transits through Djibouti, underscoring its strategic importance.

圖3 吉布提的戰(zhàn)略地理位置

Figure 3 Djibouti strategic location

招商局集團(tuán)在當(dāng)?shù)匕凑铡扒案壑袇^(qū)后城”PPC模式（港口、園區(qū)、城市一體化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略），打造了港口群、物流園和自貿(mào)區(qū)一體的產(chǎn)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。

China Merchants Group has adopted the "Port-Park-City" (PPC) integrated development model in the region to establish an industrial ecosystem that combines port clusters, logistics parks, and free trade zones.

圖4 多功能的區(qū)域物流樞紐—多哈港（DMP）
Figure 4  Doha Multipurpose Port (DMP), a versatile regional logistics hub.

其中，招商港口保稅物流園（CMHD）作為核心區(qū)域，具備完善的倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)設(shè)施與一體化服務(wù)能力，包括清關(guān)、倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)、運(yùn)輸、寄售。

At the center of this development is the bonded logistics park operated by China Merchants Holdings (Djibouti) FZE (CMHD), offerings advanced warehousing facilities and comprehensive integrated services such as customs clearance, storage, transportation, and consignment.

圖5 CMHD保稅物流園設(shè)施鳥(niǎo)瞰圖

Figure 5   Aerial View of China Merchants Holdings (Djibouti) FZE

隨著埃塞俄比亞從2024年起全面禁售燃油車(chē)，新能源汽車(chē)出口需求激增。DIFTZ設(shè)立貿(mào)易結(jié)算中心，解決外匯回流難題，并提供中轉(zhuǎn)配送服務(wù)，通過(guò)海陸聯(lián)運(yùn)直達(dá)非洲內(nèi)陸市場(chǎng)。園區(qū)享有“零稅收”、商品保稅操作、本幣與美元掛鉤、自由兌換等多重政策優(yōu)勢(shì)，降低企業(yè)成本。

With Ethiopia implementing a full ban on the sale of fuel-powered vehicles starting in 2024, demand for new energy vehicle exports has surged. To address challenges related to foreign exchange repatriation, the DIFTZ has established a trade settlement center and provides transshipment and distribution services. Through combined sea and land transport, goods can be delivered directly to inland African markets. Businesses benefit from favorable policies including zero taxation, bonded goods handling, currency pegging to the US dollar, and free currency exchange mechanisms, significantly reducing operational costs for the enterprises.

此外，DIFTZ企業(yè)可享受“零稅收”政策，并借助COMESA（東南非共同市場(chǎng)）、AGOA（《非洲增長(zhǎng)與機(jī)會(huì)法案》）、EBA（“除武器之外一切優(yōu)惠”）等國(guó)際協(xié)定，“吉布提制造”原產(chǎn)地政策還可帶來(lái)額外優(yōu)惠。

Additionally, DIFTZ enterprises can take advantage of the zero-tax policy and international agreements such as COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa), AGOA (African Growth and Opportunity Act), and EBA (Everything But Arms). Products labeled “Made in Djibouti” also enjoy origin-based preferential treatment, offering further competitive advantages.

圖6新能源汽車(chē)代表與劉建萍合影

此次調(diào)研加深了對(duì)“一帶一路”在非洲實(shí)踐的理解，為中國(guó)企業(yè)建設(shè)海外倉(cāng)、對(duì)接非洲市場(chǎng)提供了重要參考和支持。吉布提憑借其區(qū)位、政策、物流、金融等綜合優(yōu)勢(shì)，正日益成為中國(guó)企業(yè)拓展非洲市場(chǎng)的重要跳板和戰(zhàn)略支點(diǎn)。

This field study has deepened the understanding of the Belt and Road Initiative's implementation in Africa and provides valuable guidance and support for Chinese enterprises in establishing overseas warehouses and connecting with the African market. With its strategic location, robust policy incentives, and advanced logistics and financial infrastructure, Djibouti is emerging as a key gateway and strategic base for Chinese business expansion across the African continent.

                                                                 中國(guó)倉(cāng)協(xié)保稅、跨境電商與海外倉(cāng)分會(huì)  
                                                       Bonded,Cross-Border E-Commerce and Overseas Hub Branch   
                                                                           China Association of Warehousing and Distribution